Reasons to use a professional car wash

Selecting the proper wash

Environmental information
Detailing
Frequently Asked Questions
Starting a Car Wash Business
Links

Detailing: Detailing begins with the Customer, not the Car


1.
Detailing is a Process
2. Pre-Qualification of the Vehicle
3. Wet Work - Get Ready to Detail
4. Auto-Detailing Rule One
5. Washing & Drying

6. Polishers
7. Wax
8. Interiors
9. Engine
10. Paint and Touch Up
11. The Task Rotation Method


Vehicle evaluation and cleaning come later.

From the January 1998 edition of Professional Car washing & Detailing magazine. For a free introductory subscription, click here.

Detailing is the art of creating or restoring automotive beauty. Your customer's underlying motives may be aesthetic, personal or commercial. For whatever reason, they come to you with a desire to improve the appearance of their vehicle.

As a professional your challenge is to satisfy their expectations. Your shop contains the tools and products necessary to improve the appearance of just about any vehicle, but do you have the knowledge to understand, shape and meet the customer's expectations?




Detailing is a process
Detailing is more than just starting at the front of a vehicle and working back. If you have ever watched an experienced detailer work, you may have noticed that they follow a procedure. There is a method behind their professionalism. Just as there are many ways to buff a car, there are many ways to detail a car. One of the best is a process that starts and ends with the customer.


This procedure has four steps:


1. Pre-qualification of the vehicle and wet work
2. Interior cleaning
3. Paint restoration
4. Final detailing and inspection of the vehicle.

To accomplish the first step, which involves evaluating the vehicle's condition and performing the actual cleaning, a detailer must have a thorough understanding of the customer's expectations.

 

Pre-qualification of the vehicle
Before you begin work on a vehicle, you must review it with the customer. Find out what they expect you to do and decide whether or not you are able to satisfy them.

The best way is to start a checklist with the customer. A good checklist should begin with an evaluation of the vehicle.

While you are with the owner discuss the job's requirements and your capabilities.

Look for things like:

1. Rust
2. Dents and body damage
3. Delaminated and severely faded paint
4. Insufficient paint thickness
5. Crazing of paint
6. Missing trim and moldings
7. Tears, stains and excessive wear in the interior


Other damage that requires replacement or extensive repair beyond the capabilities of the shop.

If you can't repaint a vehicle or do body work, there is nothing you can do to restore body damage, rust, peeling or severely faded paint.

Both the customer and your interests are best served if you refuse a job up front rather than try to explain that there were some things you just couldn't do when the customer comes to pick up their vehicle.

The pre-qualification portion of the checklist should provide spaces for an overall evaluation, specific observations and comments.

Usually a pre-qualification checklist covers the following five areas:

1.
Overall condition of the vehicle
2. Condition of the vehicle's paint
3. Exterior damage
4. Condition of the vehicle's interior
5. Special requests by the customer and comments.


 

Wet work - getting ready to detail
Wet work is the cleaning stage that involves washing the heavily soiled areas of a vehicle, such as the exterior, engine compartment, wheels, tires and doorjambs.

Some detailers call it pre-cleaning because removing the dirt uncovers all the surface defects.

This is also where detailing and car washing diverge. Car washing focuses on dirt removal, while detailing emphasizes both dirt removal and restoration.

A wet work checklist includes cleaning the following six areas:

1. Engine (cleaned and dressed)
2. Doorjambs and sills
3. Exterior
4. Vinyl or convertible top
5. Wheels and tires
6. Spare tire.
7. One bay or two?

Some detailers also include cleaning the vehicle's interior as part of the wet work.

This is a controversial area. If your shop has the space, we recommend that wet work be performed in a separate area that has good drainage. By having and using a wash rack only for wet work, there is little chance of water or cleaner splashing and spoiling several hours work.

In addition, by performing tasks in two locations you can move vehicles through your shop more efficiently.

Because interior cleaning tasks and techniques are different from those required for wet work, you can perform interior cleaning in the same bay where paint is restored and final detailing is performed.

In a large shop, each detailer can have their own work area and equipment. Your suppliers can help you design and equip your shop with the tools necessary to operate at maximum efficiency.

John Lamade is the marketing manager for Malco Products, Inc., Barberton, OH.

From the January 1998 edition of Professional Carwashing & Detailing magazine. For a free introductory subscription, click here.

All Content Copyright 2002
National Trade Publications Inc.
Click Here for details on our Privacy Policy


We all love our cars. And perhaps our proudest moment is when the car is new and looks its best. A car, however, is not like a painting, which serves its purpose in a controlled and safe environment. It is subjected to all sorts of abuses including the sun, dirt, and smog, all of which can affect the best automobile. But you can keep your car in new condition just like a painting protected in a museum. The WebCars! "Auto Detailing: Secrets of the Experts" page will show you how.





Auto Detailing Rule Number One.


We start with scratches. Why? Because they are the biggest enemy to your car's finish. And avoiding scratches is the secret to keeping your car looking good. Dirt and grime, rubbed in while washing or drying, will act like sandpaper and dull your car's paint. There several rules which will guide you whenever you touch the surface
of your automobile:

1. Anything that comes in contact with your car's finish should be soft. Harsh or rough
    surfaces should be avoided.

2. Use only clean, freshly washed towels to dry or to apply materials to the surface of your car.

3. Rinse thoroughly the sponges or wash mitts and the wash bucket before and after you wash your car.

4. Many detailers separate the areas being washed into normal and rough areas.
    The painted surfaces of the car are the normal areas and tires; the engine, wheel
    wells and so on are designated as the rough areas. They then use only certain wash
    mitts or sponges for each area, keeping scratch generating dirt and grime away from
    sensitive areas.

5. Use a gentle stream of water when rinsing. Using high water pressure
    from the hose will cause dirt to grind into the paint, causing scratches.

6. Use generous amounts of water when rinsing. Scratch causing dirt particles
    will tend to float if enough water is used.



Washing/Drying
Start by THOROUGHLY rinsing the car. As we said in rule #1, use lots of water and a gentle stream to avoid scratches. Excessive water pressure will cause the dirt to grind at the surface. Some detailers prefer to let the water flow freely out of the hose without the benefit of a nozzle.

Use a detergent designed specifically for car washing. Don't use common dishwashing detergent, as it is too strong and will remove the wax you want to keep.

There really isn't a lot to washing a car; simply mix detergent according to the manufacturers' directions, dip your sponge or mitt into the bucket and have at it. There are a few guidelines to follow however:

· Use generous amounts of water/detergent. On this Miata, which is a relatively
  small car, I'll use 3 or 4 buckets. On a medium sized car, such as a Honda Accord,
  5 or 6 buckets will do the job.


· When you wash a car, do it in sections. Start with the roof, which will make
  rinsing easier. Then do other sections, such as the front fender, door, rear fender
  and so on, rinsing thoroughly in between. Always rinse soon after applying so a soap
  film does not develop. Do not suds up the entire car and then rinse; some of the soap
  will dry and a film like substance will remain.


· After washing, rinse the entire car just to be sure all the soap is cleared away.
  Don't forget the nooks, crannies and crevices where soap can hide.

· If the car is particularly dirty, wash it twice. The first washing will take care of
  the majority of the dirt and the second will complete the job. Some car
  enthusiasts will wash twice as part of their routine.

· Car washing will go a lot quicker if 2 people are on the job. One will do the sudsing, while the other follows close behind with the rinsing hose.

· Drying
Dry thoroughly, using a generous supply of the softest towels you can find. Fold the towel into a manageable square and turn it over or unfold it frequently to take advantage of its entire surface. Used towels seem to work best, probably because repeated washings have softened them. Bath towels work well, although it may be more practical to cut them in half.

Drying is best accomplished as a two-part process. The first time you will get rid of most of the water and the second pass will complete the job. As with rinsing, do not forget the various nooks and crannies, which can trap water.

Miscellaneous Notes:

· We do not recommend using a chamois, since they can trap dirt and cause scratches.

·
If possible, do not wash a car in bright sunlight. Soapsuds can dry, which will
  leave a film. "Water spotting" also can occur when drops of water act like miniature
  magnifying glasses in bright sunlight. If a shaded area is not available, try washing
  in the late afternoon or early morning hours when the sun is not strong.


· Don't forget to wash the headlights and surrounding areas if your car is
  equipped with pop-up headlights.

· Do not wash under a tree, as the sap can damage the paint.



Polishers


The finish of a car is always wet, even if it is dry. To make sense of this statement, consider the fact that paint needs certain oils to keep its fresh glossy look. Ultraviolet rays from the sun and smog can dry up these essential oils, and the result is a dull and flat finish known as oxidation. If you could look at oxidized paint under a high- powered microscope, you would see a surface that looks dry and cracked, like the desert.

When it occurs, oxidation appears as dull and dry spots on the finish and usually is first noticed on the flat horizontal areas of the car. If paint residue appears on your wash mitt, you definitely have an oxidation problem. The solution to oxidation is to remove the uppermost surface of dead paint. To do that we have three basic choices:

· Cleaner
· Polish
· Rubbing compound.

Each of these work by removing unwanted paint from the surface of the car. Rubbing compound removes the most amount of paint for a given application while polishes remove the least, with cleaners somewhere in between.

Obviously, removing paint should be taken seriously. The trick is to remove only as much paint as necessary. For this reason, we recommend starting with an application of cleaner. This should do the trick if you have a case of light oxidation. If the cleaner does not seem to have enough of an effect, try an application of polish. Polish can also get rid of deep scratches. Using an orbital buffer will make the job go much faster. However, the polish or cleaner should be designed for machine use. Rubbing compound is so strong that I hesitate to recommend it to amateurs.

Important Note: Since using cleaners or polishes removes paint, it will also remove the wax on top of the paint. Be sure to re-wax any area that has had a polish, cleaner or rubbing compound treatment. If a cleaner or polish application doesn't get the job done, rubbing compound may be the solution. Rubbing compound is a strong abrasive however, and should be taken seriously. For that reason, we recommend that you turn the task over to a professional.

You won't often need to use a polish or cleaner if you diligently follow the advice in this page. If you wash your car regularly and maintain a good coat of wax, contaminants won't have the chance to ruin the cars finish. A polish or cleaner treatment is worth considering when a new car is purchased, since the vehicle has probably spent a few months without proper cosmetic maintenance. A recently purchased used car is also a prime candidate, especially if the previous owner did not followed good detailing habits
Here is an example of where a cleaner was useful. A piece of rubber lying on the freeway which used to be a part of a trucks' retread tire was kicked up by a car and flew backwards, hitting the fender of this Honda. The sheet metal was not affected, but it left its mark in the surface of the paint. An application of Meguiar's Deep Crystal System Paint Cleaner took care of it nicely. The affected area was then re-waxed.

 

Wax
Once you are comfortable with the condition of the paint, it is time to think of a coating of wax. Wax functions as a paint preserver by helping it to retain certain oils that reduce oxidation. It also serves to protect from environmental hazards such as bird droppings, tree sap, smog and the sun's ultraviolet rays. And it gives paint the depth, gloss and richness that can make all those detailing hours worthwhile.

Wax is available in three forms: liquid, paste and spray. As a general rule, liquid wax goes on easier, but does not last as long as the paste products. Which one you use is your choice. Our only recommendation is that you choose one with a high Carnauba content. Unfortunately, there really isn't any way to determine Carnauba content other than to say that if it is prominent on the label, it's a safe bet. Avoid spray waxes, as they are too thin to be of any real use.

We recommend two medium applications of wax rather than a single heavy one. You can use the round applicators that come with some waxes or are available separately. A damp rectangular kitchen sponge makes a good applicator, as its shape seems to be able to handle the detail areas of a car. An extra application is a good idea on the nose and hood, where the wind will quickly wear off the wax.

What Goes On, Must Come Off

When the wax is dry, remove the residue using only a very soft cloth. As soon as the cloth movement feel has resistance, find a fresh surface. Using an orbital buffer will speed the job up nicely. A straight (non orbital) buffer would be even faster, but if you are not careful you risk "burning" the paint. For that reason, we recommend our fellow non-professionals stick with an orbital buffer. Always keep an eye on the surface of the cloth you are using, since any dirt or foreign objects can cause scratches.

The hard part is removing the wax residue from the various creases and edges. The edges of the doors, trunk, hood and so on are easy; just open them and go over the area with a soft cloth. Fixed items, such as side marker lights, badges, radio antennas, windshield washer nozzles, etc. are more difficult.

Some detailers use a soft bristled toothbrush. This approach works, although we urge caution as scratches can occur if you are not careful. A toothpick can be effective sometimes. It might even be worthwhile to remove some items (badges, side marker lamps, for example) before applying the wax. One Corvette owner we know modified the badges on his car to make them removable with wing nuts whenever a wax job came up

We recommend that you wax your car once every three months - more if the car is exposed to harsh conditions. When it comes to deciding if it's time for a new coat of wax, the time-honored water-beading test can't be topped. While you are doing the wash pre-rinse, notice how the water drops bead up. If the drops are more than one-half inch diameter, or if the water tends to form "sheets" as in the photo on the left, then a new wax job is a good idea.

Neat Trick Department
Probably the most troublesome part as far as cleaning wax residue is the windshield washer nozzles. Try protecting them with masking tape before you apply the wax.

Glass Cleaner
A friend once said to me "Glass cleaning is an art." Clean glass is important if only because dirt and other problems are more obvious on window glass.

There are any number of glass cleaners available, most of which contain ammonia, that do a good job of cleaning glass. Homemade recipes are popular and effective however. A simple one consists of 1/3 white vinegar and 2/3 water. A more complicated concoction is:

· 1/2 cup sudsey ammonia
· 1 pint 70% isopropyl alcohol
· 1 tablespoon dishwashing detergent
· 1 gallon water

Others insist plain water is best, and some go to the trouble to use distilled water or collected rainwater.

A thorough glass cleaning is actually a three-part process. First, wash the glass with soap and water along with the rest of the car. Then use your chosen cleaner to clean both the inside and outside of the glass. Cleaning the inside is particularly important for newer cars, as interior plastics release gaseous materials (popularly known as "that new car smell") that leave a film.

The last step should be a dry pass, again on both the inside and out. Use a clean cotton cloth or paper towel without any cleaner. If you use paper towels, stay away from any that have a design printed on them. While doing the dry clean step, inspect the glass carefully from various angles for residue and other imperfections. Done properly, you should be able to eliminate all streaking.

Glass cleaning should never be attempted in direct sunlight or if the glass surface is warm. Use plenty of towels so that you will have a fresh one for each portion of the glass.

Some detailers use old newspaper to dry clean automotive glass, which has a polishing effect.

 



Interiors

We spend all these hours working on our cars as a present to ourselves. That is why many enthusiasts feel that detailing the interior is more important than the body, because that is where we spend most of our time. It would therefore make sense that we take special care that the inside of our car is not neglected.

A thorough interior cleaning involves removal of the seats. It's extra work, but it does allow you to reach hard to get areas and do a more thorough job.

Vacuuming should be the first step. Use a strong shop or home vacuum. The small ones that plug into a cigar lighter or operate on rechargeable batteries just don't have the power to do the job. Remove the floor mats and do them separately.

Next apply a good grade foam carpet cleaner according to the manufacturers directions to the cloth and carpet areas. Do the floor mats outside of the car. Since many floor mats are essentially plastic, some enthusiasts will wash their floor mats outside of the car as part of the regular routine of washing the exterior. For cleaning of vinyl surfaces, we use Simple Green, diluted to about 1 part Simple Green to 8 parts water. You can vary that ratio, although as a general rule we recommend using only the minimum strength to get the job done.

Left: Use cotton Q-tips to access the hard to get areas such as climate control
ducts and corners. The trick may seem like a cliché', but it works.


Right: Most instrument clusters are viewed through clear plastic. When cleaning plastic, use only non-abrasive plastic polish and cleaners such as Meguiars' #10 and #17 along with the softest towels you can find. The problem with abrasive cleaners is that they leave minute scratches, which will tend to "fog" plastic. The plastic rear windows found on some convertibles should get the same treatment.

Left: For Leather surfaces, we recommend Lexol-ph Leather Cleaner used according to the directions. Right: Don't leave coins on your seat. Doing so can cause premature wear to the material.



Engine
Keeping an engine clean does more than to enhance its appearance. Oil and fluid leaks will be easy to spot. A clean engine will run cooler and is easier to repair and maintain.

Start your engine cleaning routine by putting a plastic bag over the engine air intake. You may also want to protect other parts from moisture, such as the distributor and electrical parts. Aluminum foil often works where it is not possible to use a plastic bag.

Washing the engine is different from washing the exterior of the car since the dirt and grease can be tougher to remove. Making it easier is the fact that since most of the engine compartment does not have a glossy finish, we don't have to worry about scratches. For that reason, it is ok to rinse using high water pressure. You can then go at it with liberal amounts of soap and water. Unlike the exterior, it is ok to use common dishwashing detergent, since its grease cutting abilities can make the job go faster. You should use a mitt or sponge other than the one used on the car body however. If you've been regularly cleaning your engine, then an application of soap and water should do the trick. If grease and grime still remain, more drastic steps may be required. Stronger cleaners or solvents will handle the problem areas. A 50-50 mixture of kerosene and water will make a good homebrew grease cutter. If necessary, use a putty knife or paintbrush, with its bristles cut short for stiffness, to loosen the tough areas. SOS pads also work well on metal surfaces. A toothbrush can be used to take care of detail areas. Dry using an assortment of hand towels.

Battery corrosion and the battery box can best be cleaned with a 50-50 mixture of water and baking soda. The towels or rags used to clean the battery should not be used on any other part of the car.
Dressings can be applied to plastic surfaces and electrical insulation for a clean, new look. We don't recommend that you attempt to clean a hot engine, since it is dangerous and some parts could be damaged. We also hesitate to recommend steam cleaning. It can do an impressive job on those engines that have years of grime on them, but the process is harsh and can destroy valuable decals.

For a nice final touch, wash and wax the underside of the hood. It'll set the engine off well and complete the job nicely.


Dressings
A word about 'dressings'. They are silicone-based products such as Armor All or Son of a Gun. Although detailers commonly use them, they are also controversial. Some feel that the vinyl areas will crack if regular treatment ceases. Others complain that the dressings used on paint will get into the metal and cause a fisheye effect on areas that are repainted. But many detailers like the finish and gloss they provide.

There is good news however. Used properly, they can revitalize many parts of a car, such as weather beaten convertible tops and vinyl roofs. We do have some recommendations however. Different products result in different gloss levels, so try various brands to find the one that gives you the desired results. Apply it sparingly, as it can be easily overdone. Also important: do a thorough job of removing the excess dressing.

One definite recommendation we can make is to never use a dressing on an air bag. There have been reports that doing so can change the vinyl and adversely affect the way that they deploy. We also advise against using dressings on the surfaces of pedals or any other area where a slippery surface could be a safety problem.


Paint touch-up
Unless you never drive your car, small rocks and other debris will chip your paint. It's unavoidable and frustrating, since the scars are too small to justify painting the affected area, but they are still noticeable. Fortunately, touching up the paint can be done on a Do-It-Yourself basis. It takes a bit of patience, but the results are worth it.

Materials

· Nick Sander (or equivalent). Best described as "coarse sandpaper on a pen"
   it gives you the ability to focus the preparation of the surface.


· Unigrit Sanding blocks from Mequiars. Get the K1000 (1000 grit), K2000
  (2000 grit) and K3000 (3000 grit, roughly the texture of newspaper!) Available from
  your local auto paint store, and often by special order. The Meguiars' web site can
  help you locate a dealer.

· Touch-up paint. Use only paint from the dealer; anything else may not match well.
   Also, do not use paint more than 6 months old.

· Wax remover. Like the unigrit sanding blocks, it is available at your local auto paint store.

· Meguiars Fine Cut Cleaner.

· Your favorite automotive polish; Meguiars' Glaze Swirl Remover works well.

· Your favorite automotive wax.

Start by washing the car (or at least the affected area) and then cleaning the area with the wax remover. Next treat the area with the Nick Sander, (above, left) making sure that all the adjacent area paint that is not well bonded with the body surface is removed.

The next step is to apply the paint. There is any number of gimmicks (brushes inside the cap of the paint bottle, etc.) to accomplish this, and I really haven't seen one that I like. My preferred method is to pour a small amount of paint into a small dish and then use the paper end of a cardboard matchstick to apply the paint. Other detailers have found that a toothpick works well. Be sure to shake the paint thoroughly. Apply it in 2 or 3 layers, building it up so that it is well above the surface of the surrounding paint. If the damage is on a vertical surface, you'll want to protect the area below by applying only small amounts of paint, allowing it to dry (about 1/2 hour+) between applications, and using masking tape and paper to prevent dripping. Allow 24 hours to dry.

You'll then want to sand and polish the paint. Start with the K1000 sanding block (soak them all in water overnight) and sand VERY GENTLY. Inspect your progress often (this is where the patience part is important) and move on to the K2000 and then K3000 sanding blocks until the surface of the touch-up paint and the surrounding paint is even. The area will have a dull finish from the sandpaper, which is taken care of by the Meguiars Fine Cut Cleaner. Finish the job by polishing and waxing the area.

This may seem like a lot of work, but the results are impressive. In the case of the ding on this Mazda Miata, you would be hard pressed to tell where the repair was made unless it was pointed out to you.

Notes
· Light (such as white) colored cars are difficult to get a good color match,
  while dark colored cars (black for example) are the easiest. I've even seen respectable
  results using a "Magic Marker" pen on a black car. The "Classic Red" on the Mazda Miata
  was a dark color, so the color match was good.


· In the case of this Miata, even after a week of drying, the touch-up paint was soft,
  especially compared to the surrounding areas. In the first attempt, I easily sanded to
  below the surface, and found that the K3000 sanding block was all I really needed. At
  almost $15 for each sanding block, I could have easily saved some valuable beer money!
  Your results, of course, may vary.


· We recently became aware of a product that might be of interest to anyone doing
  a paint touch-up job. It's called "LANGKA - The BLOB Eliminator". We haven't tried it yet;
  if you do we'd appreciate it if you could pass along your results. More information can be
  found at http://www.langka.com/.

MISCELLANEOUS
· Wash the windshield wipers using the sponge or mitt reserved for harsh applications.

· Apply a coating of WD-40 or similar lubricant to your antenna mast. This will make
   rising and lowering it easier and can make an electric unit more reliable.

· Most of the time it is best to apply a spray product to an application cloth,
  rather than directly on the surface being treated. This will prevent over spray
  from affecting nearby areas.

· Others may disagree, but IMHO, bumper stickers, decals, license plate frames
  with messages and other forms of distraction have no place on a well detailed car.


· A simple black or chrome license plate frame is a nice touch however. Be sure
  that any legally required license plate registration tags are on straight and cover
  the previous years sticker. Some detailers will go so far as to position the slots on
  the screw heads so that they are both horizontal.

 

The "Task Rotation" method
What we have shown you may seem a little overwhelming, especially if you are a newcomer. How, you may ask, can anybody completely detail a car if only a part of a weekend is available? That's where the task rotation method comes in. It works like this:


Every detailing session includes a thorough wash treatment of the exterior. Then, on a rotating basis, another task is performed. One weekend might include doing the interior. Another may be dedicated to engine detailing. Subsequent sessions could include a wax job, detailing the undercarriage and so on. If you are able to keep a consistent detailing habit of once every two or three weekends, you will develop a schedule that suits your needs.
Everyone needs a goal . . .


For the experienced car detailer, the car has to look "right". That may seem to be a vague statement, but there really is no better way to put it. It's the little things that add up. A detailing regiment that avoids scratches will prevent the surface from looking dull. Although it may not be obvious, seeing to the complete removal of all wax residues is also important.

Detailing can also be overdone. This is where a lot of detailers feel that dressings can be abused. If a car is too shinny, it does not look natural or "right". You may choose to use one of the special concoctions for cleaning the tires for example. But tire rubber does not naturally have the high gloss that results from using some of these products.

When you are finished detailing the car, take a few minutes to look at it from a variety of angles. Think it over. And ask yourself, "Does it look 'right'?"

The Big Wrap Up . . .


The products and techniques we've talked about here are best thought of as suggestions. They are by no means the final word on the subject. It is however, what we have found works well and feel comfortable with. But we encourage you to experiment, observe the results and make your own judgments. This is what a good detailer does. In doing so, you will become a better detailer and your car will look better.

So why do we do it? It is a lot of work. Family and neighbors question your sanity. No matter how good a job you do, there is room for improvement. And the harder you work, the quicker a mud puddle or tree sap undoes it.

Some people justify it by the envious reactions of friends and strangers who wish their cars looked half as good. Others point to the resale value of a car in excellent condition and insist that they are merely protecting their investment. Individuals who use left-brain reasoning will tell you that a properly detailed car lasts longer.

But those who use such reasoning are missing the point. And if you consider washing your car to be a chore, then you are, shall we say, "not with the program". The real reason can be found in the automobile experience itself. Anybody can own a car. But having respect for the machinery by keeping it new despite the ravages of time, - well, that takes someone special.

Credits and Special Thanks:
Automobile enthusiasts who have generously contributed their tips and secrets for keeping a car looking good.

Article reprinted in its entirety from http://www.web-cars.com/